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2019高考英语语法重点:形容词和副词及习题备考2019年高考,应注意以下几点:形容词的辨析,形容词的原级、比较级和最高级,以及一些特别重要的固

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2019高考英语语法重点:形容词和副词及习题 备考2019年高考,应注意以下几点:形容词的辨析,形容词的原级、比较级和最高级,以及一些特别重要的固定句型结构,同时要注意多个形容词修饰名词时的排列顺序等。

高考中对于副词的考查不是单纯地进行语法要点的考查,而是要通过具体的语境来进行分析和判断2019年高考对于副词的考查主要会出现在:副词的近义词的辨析;关于副词的原级、比较级和最高级的句型;同根不同形的副词;常考副词的辨析;比较级前的修饰语等。

形容词和副词主要以单项填空、语法填空、短文改错形式进行考查,考查的主要形式是形容词和副词之间的相互转化考点1 形容词、副词的比较等级1.形容词或副词的as...as结构两者相比,当A=B时,用“as+adj/adv.原级+as”来表示。

如:Jack runs as fast as Tom.杰克和汤姆跑得一样快双方相比,当A≠B,或指A的程度较低时,用“not as/so+adj. /adv.原级+as”表示如:He does not work as/so hard as his sister.他不如他妹妹学习努力。

2.形容词或副词的比较级+than当双方比较,A>B时,用“比较级+than”结构当A不及B的程度时,用“less+adj. /adv.原级+than”的结构如:①Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。

②Health is better than wealth. 健康胜过财富3.表示双方相比,一方超过另一方,并强调超出的程度和数量时,可在比较级前加表示程度的状语,如:even,much,very much,still,any,a lot,a bit,a little,far,yet,by far,a great deal,twice,three times,rather,slightly等,而very,quite,so,fairly等词不可修饰形容词或副词的比较级。

如:A car runs a great deal faster than a truck.小汽车比卡车快得多4.“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构表示“越……越……”The more tickets you sell,the more money you will get.你卖的票越多,你得到的钱就会越多。

5.比较级表示最高级含义(1)比较级+than any other+可数名词单数如:The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China.在中国,长江比其他任何一条河流都长。

⑵比较级+than all(the)other+可数名词复数如:China is larger than all the other Asian countries.中国比亚洲的其他国家都大(3)no/never/nothing...+比较级。

如:Nothing is more valuable than time.时间比任何东西都珍贵考点2形容词作定语时的位置1.通常置于所修饰的词之前,但不定代词的定语通常在后面如:Someone strange is asking to see you.。

Something unexpected happened and we had to make some changes to our plan.2.else常放在不定代词和疑问代词后面作定语如:No one else can answer the question.

3.多个形容词作定语时的词序为:大小、长短、高低形状/年龄、新旧颜色/来源、国籍、地区、出处/材料/用途如:an expensive Japanese sports car, those three beautiful large square old brown wood table.。

考点3 形容词、副词的辨析1.形容词主要用来修饰名词,也可修饰something,nothing等不定代词,在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语作状语时表示伴随、原因等,或是对主语进行解释,可以看成是“being+形容词”,位于句首、句中或句尾,表示伴随时通常用逗号与其他成分隔开。

①He lay in bed,wide awake.他躺在床上,完全清醒②He went to bed,cold and hungry.他上床睡觉,又冷又饿2.副词主要用作状语,修饰动词、形容词、从句或整个句子。

修饰整个句子时,可置于句首、句中或句尾Fortunately,he escaped from the fire.他幸运地从大火中逃了出来3.有些副词有两种形式,其中一种形式与形容词形式相同,另一种是在形容词后加ly。

这两种形式的副词在意义上有所不同:不带ly的副词往往表示的是具体概念,也就是词的本义;加ly的往往表示抽象概念(也就是词的引申义close接近(指距离)closely仔细地,密切地; free免费freely自由地,自如地;deep深的;deeply深刻地,深入地;wide充分(张开)的,宽阔的widely广泛地;high高的highly高度地,非常;late迟,晚lately最近,近来;near邻近的nearly几乎;most最mostly主要地。

如:He jumped that high in the sports meeting in our school and is highly thought of by his classmates.他在我们学校运动会上跳得那么高,贏得了同学们的高度赞扬。

【典例】The Forbidden City attracts a ________ stream of visitors every day, especially during national holidays.

A.constant B.mainC.powerful D.shallow【答案】A 句意:紫禁城每天都吸引着络绎不绝的游客,特别是在国庆节期间A constant stream of visitors表示“络绎不绝的游客”。

Constant“持续不断的”,符合句意Main“主要的”;powerful“强有力的”;shallow“浅的”考点4倍数表达法1.A is+倍数+比较级+than+B2.A is+倍数+as+原级+as+B

3.A is+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height等)+of+B4.the+名词(size,length,height等)+of A is+倍数+that+of+B5.A is+倍数+what引导的名词性从句

如:长江是珠江的三倍长(一句多译)①The Yangtze River is twice longer than the Pearl River.②The Yangtze River is three times as long as the Pearl River.。

③The Yangtze River is three times the length of the Pearl River.④The length of the Yangtze River is three times that of the Pearl River.

【典例】This restaurant wasn’t ________ that other restaurant we went to.A.half as good as B.as half good as

C.as good as half D.good as half as【答案】A 句意:这家餐馆还没有我们去过的其他餐馆的一半好呢。本题为倍数表达法之一:倍数+as+adj.原级+as+比较成分。

习题 一、语法填空1.【2018•全国I】According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ______(long) than non-runners.

【答案】 longer 思路】考察副词的比较级医学报告显示,经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年,根据题目中的than可知此时应用到比较级故填longer2.【2018•全国II】A taste for meat is ______ (actual) behind the change。

【答案】 actually【 思路】考查副词句意:对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因句子结构完整,用副词修饰句子故填actually3.【2018•全国III】______(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.。

【答案】 loudest【解题思路】考察最高级根据后面的of all 可知,他的声音最大,所以用最高级loudest4.【2018•浙江】There could be an even _____ (high) cost on your health.。

【答案】 higher【 思路】考查形容词比较级此处修饰名词cost用形容词,由even表示程度修饰比较级,故填higher5.【2017•全国卷I】Even ________ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.。

【答案】worse【 思路】考查比较级更糟糕的是,人们所吃的快餐的数量增加了故填worse6.【2017•全国卷I】However, be ________ (care) not to go to extremes.。

【答案】 careful【 思路】考查形容词分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词作表语,故填careful7.【2017•全国卷II】Steam engines ________ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been ________ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.。

【答案】 were used; fairly【 思路】考查动词语态蒸汽机(注意复数名词形式)被用来作为火车动力考查副词副词修饰形容词8.【2017•全国卷II】The Central London Railway was one of the most ________ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white­painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.。

【答案】 successful【 思路】考查形容词形容词与定冠词连用,相当于名词,由于该词后有介词of结构,故只能用形容词9.【2017•全国卷III】It is ________ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more.”。

【答案】 certainly【 思路】考查副词certainly在此处修饰形容词fun10.【2017•浙江卷6月考】But something made her look closer, and she noticed a ________ (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long­lost wedding ring.。

【答案】 shiny/shining【 思路】考查形容词。此处根据下文的object可知,需用形容词作定语,故填shiny或shining。

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